1. Isizinda Sokukhiqiza
Kumafutha asinda kakhulu eXiaowa Oilfield, iyunithi yokupompa esetshenziswayo isetshenziselwa ukumbiwa. Ukuze kushukunyiswe phezulu, iphuzu lokumiswa kwekhanda kudingeka liphakamise induku kawoyela. Lapho umshini wokumunca wehla ngekholomu, ikholomu yoketshezi ayivunyelwe ukunyuka lapho ipompo ipompa, ukuze isimo sekhanda lembongolo sishintshe. Ekushayweni phansi, i-locomotive idlala indima ngaphansi kwesenzo sesisindo sayo, idlala indima enkambisweni yokusebenza, iyivumela ukuthi idlale indima yayo, idlala indima yayo, idlala indima yayo, idlala indima ngaphansi kwesenzo sesisindo sethangi, idlala indima enkambisweni yokusebenza, futhi Ayidlali indima emathangini, hhayi ibhalansi. Umsebenzi wezandla enkambisweni yokupompa awuhlukanisi ukungalingani kweyunithi yokupompa.
2. Izingozi Zeyunithi Yokupompa Engalingani
Laphoizisindo zamasondouma ingalingani, izoletha izingozi ezilandelayo:
(1) Yehlisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nokuphila kahle kwemoto. Ngenxa yomthwalo ongalingani, imoto kagesi ithwala umthwalo omkhulu ekushayweni okuphezulu, futhi iyunithi yokupompa isebenza nemoto kagesi ekushayweni phansi, okuholela ekuchithekeni kwamandla futhi kuncishiswe ukusebenza kahle kanye nokuphila kahle kwemoto kagesi.
(2) Fushanisa impilo yesevisi yeyunithi yokupompa. Ngenxa yomthwalo ongalingani, umthwalo uba mkhulu futhi ube mncane ngokuzumayo ngesikhathi sokujikeleza okukodwa kwe-crank, okuzobangela ukuthi iyunithi yokupompa idlidlize ngamandla futhi ifinyeze impilo yeyunithi yokupompa.
(3) Kuthinta ukusebenza okuvamile kweyunithi yokupompa kanye nephampu. Ngenxa yomthwalo ongalingani, ukufana kwesivinini sokujikeleza kwe-crank kuzobhujiswa, ukuze ikhanda lembongolo lingashukumi ngokulinganayo phezulu naphansi, okuzothinta ukusebenza okuvamile kweyunithi yokupompa kanye nephampu.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ngenxa yezinkinga ezibangelwa ukungalingani kweyunithi yokupompa, ukulungiswa nokulinganisela kweyunithi yokupompa sekuyimisebenzi evame kakhulu emsebenzini wokukhiqiza wansuku zonke wendawo yokusebenza yokukhiqiza uwoyela. Umthombo ngamunye kawoyela udinga ukulungiswa nokulinganiswa kanye noma kabili ngonyaka. Ngokwezibalo, ngo-2015, inani elimaphakathi lokulungiswa kokulinganisa ngenyanga endaweni yokusebenza lafika izikhathi ezingu-15 kuya kwezingu-20. Ngokwesimo samanje sokulungiswa kokulinganisa, kudinga isikhathi eside sokuvala, okunomthelela omkhulu emithonjeni yamafutha esindayo, okulula ukubangela ukuwa koketshezi nokuphuma kwamanzi. , imithombo enamathele, njll. Ngakho-ke, kuyaphuthuma ukuthuthukisa idivayisi enganciphisa isikhathi sokulinganisa iyunithi yokupompa.
3. Isixazululo
Njengamanje, ukulungisa isisindo sebhalansi seyunithi yokupompa kuwukulungisa i-crank ibe sendaweni evundlile nebhuleki, bese usebenzisa ithuluzi ukuhambisa isisindo sebhalansi siye endaweni echaziwe (Isithombe 1). Indawo evundlile ye-crank ikhethwa ngoba isiqondiso esiqondile sesisindo sebhalansi sithinteka kuphela yisisindo sesisindo sebhalansi kanye namandla asekelayo e-crank aye esisindweni sebhalansi. Akukho mandla ohlangothini oluvundlile, futhi asesimweni esingaguquki. Ngalesi sikhathi, amandla angaphandle asetshenziselwa ukusunduza ibhulokhi yebhalansi iye endaweni echaziwe, okuwukonga kakhulu umsebenzi.
Uma kucatshangelwa indawo ye-crank yeyunithi yokupompa, kungakhethwa indawo evundlile kanye nendawo eseceleni kuphela ukulungisa indawo yokusebenza kwesisindo sebhalansi. Ngemva kokuhlaziywa kokuqhathanisa (Ithebula 2), kunqunywa ukuthi idivayisi esebenzayo isebenzisa indawo evundlile. Ngemva kokuba indawo yokulungisa inqunywe njengendiza ye-crank, indlela yokulungisa iyahlaziywa. Ngokuqonda izindlela zokulungisa emakethe kanye nesimo sangempela se-crank, kwaziwa ukuthi indlela yokulungisa yedivayisi yeselula ingakhetha kuphela uxhumano olunezintambo kanye noxhumano lwe-clamp. Ngemva kophenyo nokuxoxisana, izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kwendlela evundlile kwaqhathaniswa futhi kwahlaziywa (Ithebula 4). Ngemva kokuba ukuqhathanisa nokuhlaziywa kwezinhlelo sekuqediwe, indlela yokugcina yokulungisa ikhethwa njengoxhumano olunezintambo. Ngemva kokukhetha indawo yokusebenza yedivayisi yeselula njengendawo evundlile, nokukhetha indawo evundlile njengendiza ye-crank, kubalulekile ukukhetha indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwedivayisi yeselula nesisindo sebhalansi. Ngenxa yezici ze-balance block ngokwayo, uhlangothi lwe-balance block luyindawo yokuxhumana, futhi idivayisi yeselula ingaba kuphela ekuxhumaneni okuqondile nobuso, ubuso nobuso.
4. Ukuhlanganiswa Kwezingxenye
Izingxenye zedivayisi yeselula kanye nemiphumela yazo yokuhlanganiswa ziboniswe esithombeni esingezansi.
Iizisindo zokunamathela, ukunyakaza okuphindaphindwayo phezulu naphansi kuguqulwa kube ukujikeleza kwegiya lokudlulisa okuphikisana newashi, kanye nomkhawulo wephini lokukhiya izinyo eliyinhloko kanye nowesivikelo, oqhuba ibhande lezinyo ukuze linwebeke, ukuze kufezwe injongo "yokwandisa nokuqinisa" (Isithombe 3). NgoSepthemba 2016, ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kokulungiswa kwebhalansi kwenziwa ku-Well 2115C kanye ne-Well 2419 yesiteshi sase-Wa Shiba. Ukuhlolwa kokufakwa kokulungisa indawo yebhulokhi yebhalansi kulezi zimbobo ezimbili kwathatha imizuzu emi-2 nemizuzu emi-2.5 ngokulandelana (Ithebula 9).
Kungabonakala emphumeleni wokufakwa kwemithombo emibili (Umfanekiso 4) ukuthi idivayisi ihlangabezana ngokugcwele nezidingo zokukhiqiza endaweni, futhi ukusebenza kokulungisa nokulinganisela kuyaguquguquka futhi kuyashesha, konga isikhathi nomzamo. Indawo yokusebenza edingekayo ekuphathweni kokukhiqiza: ngenxa yezinguquko ezinkulu kumapharamitha okukhiqiza komthombo wamafutha osindayo, iyunithi yokupompa kufanele ilungiswe futhi ilinganiswe ngesikhathi ngokwezinguquko zomthwalo kanye nogesi. Ukufakwa kwedivayisi nakho kwenza kube lula ukusebenza kwabasebenzi futhi kunciphisa ukuqina kwabasebenzi. Iyunithi yokupompa uwoyela ephathekayo inesisindo sokulinganisela, idivayisi yeselula iphephile futhi ithembekile ukuyisebenzisa, kulula ukuyisebenzisa, incane ngobukhulu, ilula ngesisindo, kulula ukuyiphatha, inezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi, futhi inezindleko zokukhiqiza eziphansi.
Ngemva kokuba ukuhlolwa kuphumelele, ithimba lenze ukukhushulwa kanye nokusetshenziswa eqenjini lesishiyagalombili lokukhiqiza uwoyela. Kusukela ngoSepthemba kuya ku-Okthoba 2016, umsebenzi wokulungisa ibhalansi wenziwa emithonjeni emihlanu, okwathatha isilinganiso semizuzu engama-21.5, futhi kwafezwa umphumela olindelekile nofanele.
5. Isiphetho
(1) Le divayisi inciphisa amandla abasebenzi futhi ithuthukisa ukuphepha kokusebenza kwekhanda lomthombo.
(2) Qinisa ukugcinwa kweyunithi yokupompa, thola izingozi ezifihliwe futhi ususe izinto ezingajwayelekile ngesikhathi, ukuze iyunithi yokupompa isebenze ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezinhle kakhulu.
(3) Idivayisi inezinzuzo zomklamo onengqondo, ukwenziwa okulula, ukusebenza okuthembekile, ukusebenza okulula endaweni, ukutshalwa kwezimali okuphansi kanye nokuphepha okuphezulu, futhi ifanelwe ukukhuthazwa nokusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-13-2022
