Uma kuqhathaniswa, kuphakanyiswa uhlelo oluhle kakhulu lomshini wokuhlanza oqondile we-reactor main nut ohlanganisiwe. Ama-bolts nama-bolts amakhulu angahlolwa futhi agcotshwe ngamafutha kanye kuphela. Isimiso Esiyinhloko Isimiso esiyinhloko sisebenzisa i-spreader ukuphakamisa i-bolt ngokuqondile emsebenzini wokulayisha nokulayisha. I-nut ilandelwa isimiso esisebenzayo. Thola futhi uthole futhi ukhiqize umdwebo wokuthuthukiswa kwentambo, umkhiqizo unemfucuza encane yemisebe futhi uhlala endaweni encane. Lo mshini usetshenziswe ngempumelelo ensimini yamandla enuzi, futhi ungahlangabezana ngokugcwele nezidingo zama-bolts amakhulu omkhumbi wokucindezela we-reactor.
Amanye ama-bolt amakhulu e-RPV akhona kanyeinathiimishini yokuhlanza imi kanje:
(1) Umshini wokuwasha wesizukulwane sokuqala we-CNNC Wuhan Nuclear Power Operation Technology Co., Ltd. (ozobizwa nge-CNPO) usebenzisa uhlobo oluvundlile.
(2) I-Institute of Optoelectronic Technology, i-Chinese Academy of Sciences isebenzisa ukuhlanza okuvundlile, futhi imishini ihlanganisiwe.
(3) I-China Nuclear Power Research and Design Institute isebenzisa ukuhlanza okuqondile.
1. Umbuzo Wocwaningo
Ngemva kokuba isitsha sokucindezela sesiphehli samandla enuzi sesisebenze isikhathi esithile, amabala kawoyela nokunye ukungcola ku-amabhawodi ayinhlokokanye namantongomane aqiniswe endaweni enokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu. Uma engahlanzwa ngesikhathi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungabangela ukubanjwa kwentambo, kanti ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuzothinta ukuqaliswa kokuhlolwa okulandelayo kwangaphakathi, okuholela ekungajwayelekile kwesignali kanye nokwahlulela okungalungile. Ukuhlanzwa kwama-bolts amakhulu e-RPV namantongomane kungomunye wemisebenzi yokuqinisekisa ukuthi ama-bolts amakhulu e-RPV asesimweni esiphephile nesithembekile isikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuhlanza ngempumelelo ama-bolts amakhulu e-RPV namantongomane.
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle komshini wokuhlanza futhi kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zesiteshi sikagesi esinesikhala esincane phansi, uketshezi oluncane kanye nokuphepha okuphezulu, ngemva kokuqhathanisa okuphelele, kuphethwa ngokuthi umshini wokuhlanza oqonde phezulu onesistimu ehlanganisiwe kakhulu yisisombululo esingcono kakhulu.
Ngenxa yalokhu, sakha ngokuzimela umshini wokuhlanza oqondile we-RPV main bolt kanye ne-nut onezinga eliphakeme lokuzenzakalela, ongaqedela ukulayisha nokukhipha ama-nut ngokuzenzakalelayo, ukuhlanza ama-bolt nama-nut kanye nokomisa emoyeni, kanye nokuhlolwa komshini wentambo nokugcotshwa kwamafutha e-bolt endaweni eyodwa yokuphakamisa.
2. Izinkinga Eziyinhloko
Kulesi sifundo, ngokusekelwe ekuzuzeni ubuchwepheshe nolwazi olujwayelekile lwemishini yokuhlanza evundlile nokuqinisekisa umphumela wokuhlanza, inqubo yokuhlanza iyathuthukiswa, futhi i-RPV main bolt kanyei-nut eqondileUmshini wokuhlanza onezinga eliphezulu lokuzenzakalela uklanywe futhi wathuthukiswa, ikakhulukazi okuhlanganisa izici ezilandelayo:
(1) Umklamo wendlela yokuphakamisa ye-bolt assembly.
(2) Umklamo wendlela yokugcwalisa ukulayisha nokukhipha amantongomane ngokuzenzakalelayo.
(3) Indlela yokuklama yokuhlanza amabhawodi namantongomane ngasikhathi sinye.
(4) Umklamo wendlela yokufeza ukuhlolwa kombono womshini wentambo.
(5) Umklamo wokusetshenziswa kohlelo lokulawula.
3. Inqubo Yocwaningo kanye Nendlela
Umshini oyinhloko wokuhlanza i-bolt ne-nut unomsebenzi wokulayisha nokukhipha ama-nut ngokuzenzakalelayo, ukuhlanza izintambo, ukomisa emoyeni, ukuhlola ngokubonakalayo komshini izintambo ze-bolt, kanye nokufaka uwoyela.
Uhlelo lomshini wokuwasha luhlanganiswe kakhulu, futhi ukwakheka okuyinhloko kungokulandelayo: Iyunithi yokuhlanza ibhawodi namantongomane itholakala phakathi komshini wokuwasha, kanti iphampu yegiya yokukhipha uketshezi olungcolile ihlelwe engxenyeni engezansi, kanti ithangi lokugcina uketshezi kanye nesihlungi sohlelo lokujikeleza koketshezi lokuhlanza kufakwa ngokulandelana ebhokisini lesobunxele. , iphampu yamagnetic, ithangi loketshezi olungcolile kanye nefeni kanye nesihlungi somoya ophefumulayo kanye nohlelo lokukhipha umoya. Ingxenye yokuthola isithombe ifakiwe ngaphandle kwebhokisi lokuhlanza ibhawodi ukuze kuhlolwe umbono womshini wentambo. Isakhiwo se-cantilever sifakiwe phezulu kwekhabhinethi, futhi isikrini sokubonisa esifakwe ekugcineni kwe-cantilever sisetshenziselwa ukusebenza kwemishini. Amabholidi ageza ingemuva lebhokisi ukuze kufakwe izingxenye zokulawula. Kufakwe umnyango ovaliwe phambi kwebhokisi lokuhlanza ibhawodi, futhi kufakwe ingilazi emnyango ukuze kube lula ukuqaphela isimo sokuhlanza. Umnyango ovaliwe ucindezelwa ngamaphuzu ama-3 ukuqinisekisa umphumela wokuvala (bheka isithombe esingezansi).
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zalo mshini wokuhlanza yilezi:
(1) Yonke imisebenzi ingaqedwa ngokuphakamisa okukodwa.
(2) I-nut ingalayishwa futhi ilayishwe ngokuzenzakalelayo.
(3) Hlanza amantongomane nama-bolt aqondile ngesikhathi esisodwa.
(4) Inomsebenzi wokuhlola umbono womshini wentambo futhi ikhiqiza umdwebo wokuthuthukiswa kwentambo.
Inqubo yokusebenzisa lezi zinzuzo nemisebenzi eyinhloko izokwethulwa ngokuningiliziwe ngezansi.
3.1 Ukuhlanganiswa Kwebholthi Lokuphakamisa
Ukuhlanganiswa kwebholiti namantongomane kuphakanyiswa kusuka kubhasikidi lokugcina amabholiti kuya kuthreyi enkulu yebholiti ngaphakathi komshini wokuhlanza amabholiti namantongomane nge-spreader ekhethekile enomumo we-C (bheka Umfanekiso 2).
3.2 Ukulayisha nokulayisha amantongomane ngokuzenzakalelayo
(1) Ukwakheka kwemishini
Iyunithi yokulayisha nokulayisha ngokuzenzakalelayo yama-nut ihlanganiswe ngaphakathi kwebhokisi lokuhlanza. Ihlanganisa kakhulu indlela yokushayela ama-bolt, indlela yokuphakamisa ama-nut kanye nendlela yokubopha ama-bolt.
Indlela yokushayela ibhawodi yakhiwe kakhulu yithreyi yebhawodi eyinhloko kanye nenjini egiyayo yokushayela ibhawodi.
Indlela yokuphakamisa amantongomane yakhiwe kakhulu nge-main nut fixing clip, i-driving slider, i-follower slider, i-trapezoidal screw, i-guide optical axis kanye ne-screw driving motor.
Indlela yokubamba i-stud isetshenziselwa ukulungisa i-screw clamp eyinhloko ebhokisini. Iyisakhiwo sokubamba i-arc esiyindilinga esinezingxenye ezimbili futhi ifakiwe ohlakeni lwangaphakathi lwebhokisi lokuhlanza.
(2) Iqiniso elisebenzayo
Ama-bolts okulayisha nokukhulula ama-nut, ama-nut, ama-nut, indlela esebenzayo, kungaba yindlela, angaqinisekisa ukuthi intambo ayikhululekile ekulimaleni. . Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abasebenzisi ngasikhathi sinye
Inqubo yokususa amantongomane imi kanje:
Ibhawodi eliyinhloko lijikeleza ngokuphambene newashi, inaliti iyajikeleza, inathi iyajikeleza, inathi iyajikeleza, bese ijikeleza ngendlela ejikelezayo, ijikeleza kuphela, futhi ingahamba kuphela ngendlela yokujikeleza, ngenkathi ihamba nge-axis, umhlahlandlela wokunyakaza uyaphakama futhi ibha iqhuba ukujikeleza, Yenza i-motor motor motor motor motor motor slider slider slider ibe yinto efanayo efanayo ukuphakama ukuphakama ukuphakama ukuphakama ukuphakama ukuphakama ukuphakama ukuphakama, ama-slider amabili angasebenzi slider jikeleza jikeleza jikeleza jikeleza jikeleza jikeleza jikeleza phenduka phenduka phenduka phenduka phenduka phenduka phenduka phenduka phenduka phenduka phenduka phenduka phenduka phenduka phenduka phenduka ama-slider amabili phenduka phenduka phenduka phenduka phenduka ukuvimbela umthelela ekuthungeni kokuqala kwenathi lapho ikhubeka.
I-nut iyahlukana nengxenye enezintambo, i-bolt eyinhloko, i-bolt eyinhloko iyajikeleza, ukujikeleza okusebenzayo, kanye nokunyakaza, futhi, ngokulandelana, nge-slide block, isunduza othintana naye, isunduza, isunduza i-slide block yokulandelelana. Kuze kube manje ukusebenza okuzenzakalelayo kokuhlakazwa kwe-nut eyinhloko sekuqediwe.
Kufakwe uhlelo futhi okuphambene nalokho.
Ukuhlanza kuhlukaniswe kakhulu ukuhlanzwa kwentambo yangaphakathi kwento eyinhloko kanye nokuhlanzwa kwentambo yangaphandle kwento eyinhloko okunezigaba ezintathu. Njengoba into eyinhloko itholakala ngqo ngaphezu kwento eyinhloko, ukuze kuvinjelwe uketshezi lokuhlanza olugeleza phansi kwento eyinhloko ekungcoliseni amabolthi ahlanziwe, ngemva kokuhlanzwa kwamabolthi namantongomane sekuqediwe, amaBolthi aneza isinyathelo sokuhlanza.
(1)Ukuhlanza amantongomane
Ukuhlanza amantongomane kwenziwa kakhulu ngokubambisana kwebhulashi lokuhlanza amantongomane kanye nendlela yokuphakamisa amantongomane. Ibhulashi lokuhlanza amantongomane kanye nenjini yokushayela kufakwa ekhava ephezulu yomshini wokuhlanza.
Ibhulashi lokuhlanza amantongomane lakhiwe ngokuyinhloko ngekhanda lebhulashi lokuhlanza, umgodi oyinhloko kanye nesilinda yokusekela. Ikhanda lebhulashi lokuhlanza liyisakhiwo se-centrifugal. Uma lingajikelezi, ububanzi bemvilophu yangaphandle yebhulashi lokuhlanza buncane kunobubanzi bangaphakathi benathi. Lapho ikhanda lebhulashi lijikeleza, isihlalo sokulungisa amantongomane sivulwa ngaphansi kwesenzo samandla e-centrifugal, futhi ibhulashi le-nylon elifakwe esihlalweni sokulungisa liseduze nenathi. Ubuso bentambo yangaphakathi yenathi.
Ngaphambi kokuba i-nut ihlanzwe, indlela yokuphakamisa ama-nut isetshenziswa ukuphakamisa i-nut bese ifakwa ekhanda lebhulashi lokuhlanza, bese kuthi injini yokushayela ibhulashi lokuhlanza ama-nut iqalwe ukuzungeza ikhanda lebhulashi lokuhlanza. Ngesikhathi ikhanda lebhulashi lijikeleza, i-nut eyinhloko iya phezulu naphansi ngaphansi kwe-drive yendlela yokuphakamisa, ukuze ihlanze yonke ingxenye yentambo.
(2)Ukuhlanza i-bolt
Iyunithi yokuhlanza amabhawodi yakhiwe kakhulu nge-roller brush assembly, indlela yokushintsha ibhulashi eligoqayo, idivayisi yokulungisa amabhawodi eyinhloko kanye nedivayisi yokushayela ibholidi eyinhloko. I-roller brush assembly ixhunywe nenduku yepiston yesilinda sayo sokushintsha ngenduku yokushintsha ibhulashi eligoqayo. Lapho induku yepiston yesilinda sebhulashi eligoqayo iphushelwa ngaphandle, i-rolling brush assembly isondela engxenyeni enentambo yebholidi eyinhloko, futhi uma ihoxiswa, i-rolling brush assembly ikude nebholidi eyinhloko. Injini yokushayela ibhulashi eligoqayo iqhuba ibhulashi eligoqayo ukuze lijikeleze nge-pulley yebhande.
Uma uhlanza amabhawodi amakhulu, injini yokushayela yebholiti eyinhloko ishayela amabhawodi amakhulu kuthreyi ukuze ajikeleze, isilinda esijikayo sihambisa inhlanganisela yebhulashi eligoqekayo eduze kwentambo enezingxenye ezintathu yebholiti eyinhloko, siqalise injini yokushayela yebhulashi eligoqekayo, bese ibhulashi eligoqekayo lijikeleza ebusweni bebholiti eyinhloko. Amabhawodi amakhulu angabe esehlanzwa.
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhlanza, uhlelo lokujikeleza koketshezi lokuhlanza luhlinzeka ngoketshezi lokuhlanza epayipini lokufafaza oluketshezi, futhi kufakwa ama-nozzle amaningi epayipini lokufafaza oluketshezi ukuze kufefwe ngokulinganayo uketshezi lokuhlanza ebusweni bebholidi.
4. Izinkinga Nezixazululo
Enqubweni yocwaningo nokuklama, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwemishini, kwenziwa inani elikhulu lokuhlolwa ngomzimba wokulingisa i-bolt ne-nut ngemuva kokuba imishini yenziwe, kwatholakala ezinye izinkinga ngesikhathi senqubo, kwathathwa izixazululo ezifanele.
(1) Ukuvuza kwebhokisi lokuhlanza
Njengoba imishini iyisakhiwo esiqondile, lokhu kubeka phambili izidingo eziphezulu ekuvalekeni kwebhokisi. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhlanza, kwatholakala ukuthi ingxenye yoketshezi lokuhlanza yachitheka ohlangothini olungaphakathi lomnyango ongenamoya kanye nohlaka, yabe isigeleza phansi, okubangela ukuvuza. Thatha izinyathelo ezilandelayo kulokhu:
(2) Phakathi nenqubo yonke yokuhlanza nokomisa umoya, ifeni ihlala isesimweni sokumunca ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umfutho womoya ebhokisini lokuhlanza uphansi kunomfutho womoya futhi usesimweni sokucindezela okungekuhle, okuvimbela ngempumelelo ukugcwala koketshezi olungcolile kanye negesi engcolile ebhokisini, futhi kuqinisekisa ngokugcwele ukuphepha kwabasebenzi.
(3) Ubuso bezingxenye zensimbi engagqwali ngaphakathi komnyango ovaliwe webhokisi lokuhlanza bufuthwa ngengubo evikela amanzi kakhulu, kanti ingilazi yomnyango nayo iphathwa ngokwelashwa ngamanzi, ukuze amaconsi amanzi afafazwe emnyango ovaliwe ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhlanza anganamatheli ephanelini lomnyango nasengilazini, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe amaconsi amanzi asele ephanelini lomnyango eliwayo.
(2) Isenzakalo sokushelela kwebholithi
Ekuqaleni, ithreyi eyinhloko yebholidi isebenzisa isimo sesakhiwo samapuleti enjoloba ahlanganisayo ezingxenyeni zensimbi. Uma i-torque yokushayela inkulu kakhulu, irabha kanye nephansi lamabholidi kuzoshelela futhi kudlale indima yokuvikela.
Esigabeni sokuqala sokusebenza, amanzi asetshenziswa njengendawo yokuhlanza, futhi umphumela wokushayela webholiti eliyinhloko wawumuhle; esigabeni sakamuva, ngemva kokuba indawo yokuhlanza ithathelwe indawo uketshezi lokuhlanza olusetshenziswa ezitshalweni zamandla enuzi, kwatholakala ukuthi ibholiti eliyinhloko alikwazanga ukuqhutshwa futhi lishelele. Ngemva kokuhlaziywa, indlela yokuqala yokushayela ibholiti yayingasebenzi ngenxa yomphumela wokugcoba woketshezi lokuhlanza.
Ngokukhansela isakhiwo sokubopha ipuleti yerabha ezingxenyeni zensimbi kuthreyi yebholiti eyinhloko, kufakwa ama-plunger ayindilinga amane ngqo kuthreyi yebholiti eyinhloko. Lapho ibholiti eyinhloko iqhutshwa, ama-plunger ayindilinga amabili ashelela emgodini ongaphansi kwebholiti eyinhloko, ukuze kubonakale ukushayela kwebholiti eyinhloko, uma i-torque yokushayela inkulu kakhulu, isivikelo singabonakala. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imoto ye-servo yokushayela ibholiti eyinhloko nayo ifakwe isivikelo se-torque. Lapho i-torque yokushayela ibholiti eyinhloko idlula inani elibekiwe, izoma futhi ixwayise.
(4) Umphumela wokomisa umoya awulungile
Ngemva kokulungisa amaphutha, sithole ukuthi amabhawodi ayengomiswanga ngokuphelele emoyeni, futhi umphumela udinga ukuthuthukiswa.
Ngokutadisha inqubo yokomisa umoya yemishini, kwatholakala ukuthi esigabeni sokuqala sokusebenza, ibhulashi le-bolt roller lisondela kuphela futhi lijikeleze ngesivinini esikhulu lapho i-bolt ihlanzwa ukuze kususwe amabala ebusweni. Ngemva kokuqala kwenqubo yokomisa umoya, ibhulashi le-bolt roller lishiya i-bolt, bese i-bolt yomiswa emoyeni kuphela nge-jet yesivinini esikhulu yomoya ocindezelwe.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, umbhali uthuthukisa inqubo yokomisa umoya. Ngemva kokuhlanza, lapho ukugeleza kokomisa umoya kuqala, ibhulashi eligoqayo lisondela eduze kwebholithi bese lijikeleza ngesivinini esikhulu ukuze lisuse uketshezi olungaphezulu. Ngemva kwengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yomjikelezo wokomisa umoya, ibhulashi eligoqayo lebholithi lishiya ibholithi bese liyeka ukujikeleza, bese liqhubeka. Amabholithi omiswa ngendiza yomoya ocindezelwe ngesivinini esikhulu.
Umkhuba ufakazele ukuthi ngemva kokuthuthukiswa, umphumela wokomisa umoya uthuthuka kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-17-2022
